MOISTURE
INDICATOR
INSTRUCTION
SHEET
Price - Stock No 110
Price - Stock No 111 with Push Button Switch
Check your
kit
- 1 - 390 ohms (R1)
- 1 -100K (R2)
- 1- IN4002 Diode
- 1 - LED (Light Emitting Diode)
- 1 - BC548 NPN Transistor
- 1- printed circuit board (PCB)
- 1 - battery snap
- solder
- hook-up wire -RED & BLACK
- 2 - teardrop terminals
- 2 - circuit board pins
Schematic Diagram

PCB Layout

- Check the continuity of
the tracks with an ohm-meter or an electronic circuit tester
- Turn the PCBoard over so that you are looking at the
PLAIN side. From the drawing, find the locations of the
components. You will need to turn the PCB around so
that it coincides with the placement
sheet. Remember that you are seeing the copper track through the PCB.
- Identify the values of the two
resistors by their colour bands and/or an ohm-meter. Bend the legs of
the resistors to a shape that will fit into its two
location holes. Push them through and firm the resistor down against the
PCB.
- Offer the transistor into its position with the flat
on the body the way round that the drawing
indicates. Bend the legs to fit into the holes. Push it in, but
allow it to stand high off the board.
- Spread the legs of the LED carefully
so they spring into its correct
holes. Push the legs just through the PCB so the LED stands high
off the board. You should check that the small flat on the flange
at the base of the globe is the same way round as the
drawing shows. The LED is polarised - a semiconductor - and will not
work if placed the wrong way round.
- These components may be soldered in place.
Refer Soldering Technique
- Push the molex pins into the correct
holes and solder. Solder the battery snap to these -
RED to POSITIVE.
- Bare the ends of the hook-up wire.
One end of the wires goes to the PCB at the positions marked "PROBES".
The other ends of the wires have the teardrop terminals soldered to attach to
the probes.
- If you are fitting a switch, simply cut the track of
the PCBoard at the place indicated on the layout sheet. A hacksaw
blade held in the hand will make
that easy, but make sure that the track is severed - no leakage
across. The wire in your Kit is used to join the switch into
the circuit. Instead of cutting the track
you can cut the red wire of the battery snap and solder the switch into the
positive line. With the switch in the circuit the Moisture
Indicator can be left in the pot-plant. To test moisture
level just push the switch and the brightness of the LED will indicate wetness
of the soil.
- Connect a 9 volt battery and test. When you bring the two probe
wires together the LEd will glow brightly. Wet your finger
and move the probe wires apart on
the wet area. The LED will dim off,
and its brightness will reflect the wetness (or dryness)
of your finger.If it doesn't work check
that you have all the locations correct and that you have the LED and
the diode in the correct polarity, and that the flat on the
transistor is as the drawing shows.
N.B. Do not test the LED on 9v without a
correct resistor. You will
blow it
immediately. Either use 3 volts or use an
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT
TESTER (Kit available).
TECHNOLOGY NOTES
- The LED is a Diode which is a semiconductor.
This means that it will pass current in
one direction only. It has a Positive Leg (+) (A for Anode) and a
Negative Leg (-) (K for Kathode). Check the letters A & K on
the drawing. This applies to the power diode IN4002 as well.
- The transistor BC548 has three legs C (collector) B (base) E
(emitter). The middle one is the Base leg. This is
an NPN transistor; the E leg connects to the Negative
battery pole. In this circuit it acts as a variable switch. The
more leakage between the two probes viz. the
wetter the soil, the more it switches on, and the LED glows
brighter. If it doesn't light up in your potplant, then get the watering
can fast!
Contact CdS electronics
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